You can use different methods to copy files between laptop and phone. I use FTPserver (on the phone plus a client like Filezilla on the laptop) and BTsync over wifi. I don't leave them running, stop them right after using. With BTsync I empty the folders after use and stop the service at my desktop as well.
This doesn't require a cable connection. Another option is Bluetooth, but I'm having mixed experiences with it. More easy options: Dropbox, Mega etc, but I don't like to share stuff over the web.
If you're using Android 4.4 (KitKat) you cannot copy to all folders, due to security settings. Only some filemanagers can do that. Try and see what works. With Btsync use the internal memory, not the external SD card.