A little bit yes. The Google Voice App when you dial a number will tell GV to call your phone and connect you that way.(See comments below) The app will make this seamless but should still use a bit of data.
Edit: After checking Google Help I found this:
By calling your own Google number
When you call your own Google number and sign into the Google voicemail system, you’ll have the option to place a call. Just press 2 and enter the number.
For calls within the U.S, enter area code and number. For example: 212-555-2222. For international calls, enter 011, the country code, and the number (or "1 and the country code," depending on where you're calling). For example: 011442012345612345 or 12464260200