You will still be part of the group unless the one that deleted your messages also pressed "exit group". In that case all you have to do is ask the group admin to add you back, or use the group link to get back in.
The method you're suggesting to retrieve the messages is not going to work. Because when you join a WhatsApp group, wether you're new, or returning member, you do not get any messages that were previously posted in that group.
This is because WhatsApp doesn't store your messages in a cloud. It stores them on your phone, and it makes a backup to Google drive and into your phone, but those will not show up if you rejoin a group.
There are a few options to get your group message history back.
Option 1. The easiest would probably be to ask one of the members to email you the chat history.
The member would have to open the group chat, press on the three dots menu on the top right then press "more" -> "email chat" enter your email address and send.
This will send you a PDF file of all the message, and you will not be able to see those messages in WhatsApp. (To have the message show up in your WhatsApp chat, go to option 2 or 3)
Option 2. Restore your Google drive backup.
First, check to make sure that no backup was made after you deleted the messages. To do that go to WhatsApp settings>chats>chat backup, now on the top left of your page, it will tell you the last time a Google drive backup was made. If the date is after you have lost the chats, then move to option 3.
(Using this option, you will lose the message you have written since the last backup)
Go to settings->apps -> WhatsApp -> storage -> clear data.
Then, open WhatsApp and follow the regular registration process. When it asks if you want to retrieve your backups, press yes.
You will now have the messages that you have lost.
Option 3 follow the instructions on the WhatsApp FAQ page, to restore messages from local storage.