Possible causes -
- Hopefully the reason is not this one, but anyways; an answer on Quora reads:
If you are trying to record in a private team channel, then you cannot record the meeting, as the team owner ideally disables the recording option for security purposes.
- Another answer:
This is an issue with the version of your teams. You can check for system or app updates and then try recording again.
- Another:
Teams meeting recordings are currently disabled for customers whose Teams data is stored in-country, if Microsoft Stream is not available in that country. A new admin setting will allow customers to turn on meeting recordings if Microsoft Stream data residency is not yet in country.
You can try clearing app cache, app data, reinstalling and updating your app if an update is available. Else, with the technical restrictions you have, I find it difficult for myself to cook a solution.
I'd always prefer going root. I know your warranty will terminate if you root the device; plus no point in potentially soft-bricking a smooth-running device just to have been able to record meetings. But rooting offers you so many tweaks that given a choice, I'd surely make the bargain. I think there are ways to delete the flash record from a device too; so there should be some way to keep the warranty intact