You can use a Google Docs page to view PDF files in the browser. To do this, visit the page https://docs.google.com/viewerng/viewer?url=http://yourfile.pdf, where http://yourfile.pdf
is the path to the PDF file you want to view (credits to this answer).
Unfortunately, there is as far as I know no way to do this automatically in Chrome (you can always paste the URL manually every time you want to open a PDF file but that's not very practical). However, if you use a browser that supports extensions, it's possible to use an extension to automatically redirect PDF files to this URL. Unfortunately, you can't do this on any well-known browsers (Chrome and Edge for Android don't support extensions at all, and Firefox for Android only supports a very limited set of extensions), but there are less well-known browsers where you can do this. The one I use is Kiwi (I have no association with its author).
Once you've installed Kiwi (or another browser that supports Chrome extensions), install the Redirector extension (I have no association with its author). Next, click on the three dots on the top right, scroll down, click "Redirector", then click on the "Edit Redirects" button, and then click on "Create new redirect":

That will open a popup with five text boxes and two checkboxes. Enter the following information:
- The first box is just a description, you can enter whatever you want, for example
Open PDF in browser
.
- The second box is an example URL to a PDF file, you can enter the URL to whatever PDF file you want.
- In the third box, enter
(^https?://[^?]+\.pdf($|\?).*$)
. This is a regular expression that matches URLs of PDF files. If you know regular expressions, you may want to note that the parentheses that enclose the whole regular expression are necessary to capture the whole URL so that the $1
in the next box works as expected.
- In the fourth box, enter
https://docs.google.com/viewerng/viewer?url=$1
. This is the URL that PDF files will be redirected to, $1
represents the URL of the original PDF file.
- Check the box labelled "Regular Expression".
- The last box is just another description Again, enter whatever you want, for example,
Redirects PDF files to a Google docs page that shows the PDF in the browser
.
When you're done entering all that, it should look like this:
Now click Save and you're done. Now all PDF files will be opened in the browser like this:
To get a link to the original PDF file, copy the URL from the title bar and remove the https://docs.google.com/viewerng/viewer?url=
part from the beginning.