I know that Android devices have an on-board adb server. I am able to start the server through the terminal emulator and run adb commands, but the device itself does not show up in the device list. The ultimate goal is to capture a logcat and store it locally, as I am having crashing issues that don't occur when it's plugged in, so I need to capture the logcat without plugging into USB.
I want to ultimately be able to run $ adb logcat -v time > /sdcard/logcat.txt
and have it create the logcat text file that I can retrieve and view the next time the device crashes.
I'm running Jelly Bean 4.1.2
EDIT
I managed to track down a solution to my specific problem:
Locally, adb is not required to gather a logcat. From within the terminal emulator, you can simply execute logcat > /sdcard/logcat.txt
to gather a logcat. However, I'll leave the question up in case someone figures a way to get adb to recognize itself, as it might be useful in the future.