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As of the Android 14 compatibility rules, devices with 2GB RAM or less physical RAM are required to only run 32-bit applications, and devices with 2GB to 4GB are strongly recommended to only run 32-bit applications. Of course, running 32-bit applications requires having processor cores that can run 32-bit code, and that capability is missing from newer cores. This will confine 32-bit devices to using older and slower processor cores, causing them to gradually fade away.

As of the Android 15 compatibility rules, devices with 2GB RAM or less physical RAM are required to only run 32-bit applications, and devices with 2GB to 4GB are strongly recommended to only run 32-bit applications. Of course, running 32-bit applications requires having processor cores that can run 32-bit code, and that capability is missing from newer cores. This will confine 32-bit devices to using older and slower processor cores, causing them to gradually fade away.

More precisely, devices with less than 2GB of RAM available to the operating system (some is always used for other purposes) must only support one ABI, and 32-bit is the sane choice. Supporting both the 32- and 64-bit APIs takes up more RAM, because many libraries would have to be provided in both 32- and 64-bit forms. Supporting only 64-bit is technically allowed, but would be foolish, because 64-bit code uses more memory for data.

As of the Android 14 compatibility rules, devices with less than 2GB RAM are required to only run 32-bit applications, and devices with 2GB to 4GB are strongly recommended to only run 32-bit applications. Of course, running 32-bit applications requires having processor cores that can run 32-bit code, and that capability is missing from newer cores. This will confine 32-bit devices to using older and slower processor cores, causing them to gradually fade away.

As of the Android 14 compatibility rules, devices with 2GB RAM or less physical RAM are required to only run 32-bit applications, and devices with 2GB to 4GB are strongly recommended to only run 32-bit applications. Of course, running 32-bit applications requires having processor cores that can run 32-bit code, and that capability is missing from newer cores. This will confine 32-bit devices to using older and slower processor cores, causing them to gradually fade away.

Xiaomi ships a 32-bit to 64-bit binary translator on some devices called "Tango." This allows 64-bit only hardware, such as the Snapdragon 8 Gen 3 in the Xiaomi 14 and Xiaomi 14 Pro, to run 32-bit apps. It does this by translating their 32-bit native code libraries into 64-bit native code. News story here

Xiaomi ships a 32-bit to 64-bit binary translator on some devices called "Tango." This allows 64-bit only hardware, such as the Snapdragon 8 Gen 3 in the Xiaomi 14 and Xiaomi 14 Pro, to run 32-bit apps. It does this by translating their 32-bit native code libraries into 64-bit native code. News story here. More details under tango in the tag wiki.