I used to be able to use the phone for debugging. Now I have USB debugging enabled, and in it threr is a menu for default USB configuration. But it doesn't have an MTP option. The other options don't enable debugging either.
I see in https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w5B8KdbH5Do that it should have other options.
(Checked Where is the MTP and PTP option in Android 9? and older topics.)