I know the original post is now ancient but I haven't found any recent discussion on this and I believe the behavior is still basically the same. That is, if a calendar is "hidden" on your mobile device, you will not get a notification for any of it's event.
Much like the OP, I wanted to schedule recurring tasks (clean cat litter, take out trash) at specific days/times and then get reminded of them on my phone WITHOUT cluttering up my calendar on web OR android version of google calendar.
I found google tasks to be a great solution to this, as:
- I can add/modify/view these events on either phone (tasks app) or web* (calendar.google.com)
- They don't appear at all in android's gcal
- I can hide them from web gcal and still get notifications
As an added bonus, because the notifications on my phone come from the tasks app (and not gcal) I can set a different notification sound/vibe pattern to differentiate these less important chores from potentially important events. Also, I really like the ability to "mark as complete" as opposed to just dismissing an event notification (this behavior is similar to google reminders, but unlike tasks, hiding reminders from gcal does disable notifications)
Here's a great post on the differences between google tasks and reminders
The one missing piece that I'm still searching for is the ability to share these chores with someone so that, for example, my wife and I can both mark chores as complete and then the other one will know it doesn't need to be done.
*Edit: I just realized you can't create a recurring task from web gcal, but you definitely can from the tasks app (and then still view all of them on web) so this is only a minor annoyance.