In a comment on this question Robert asked:
Have you tried to provide an NTP server in your local network and announce it via DHCP?
How can I do that, please? I have several development devices whose only connectivity is ADB over USB to a Linux development host. That's part of a corporate network with an NTP server. The devices' date and time drifts, and has to be reset occasionally. Being able to tell them about an NTP server would be splendid, if they can access it through the ADB/USB connection.
I have root on the devices, and can this change their date & time from the ADB shell. If I couldn't do that, I'd use the GUI. They're running a pretty vanilla Android 12.